Centrifugal Pump Flow Diagram

The impeller is fastened to the shaft.

Centrifugal pump flow diagram. What is centrifugal pump. An impeller and a casing. The centrifugal pump definition is a pump which can be used for handling huge amount of liquids to provide extremely high flow rates and they have the capability to regulate their flow of liquid rates over a wide range. During a bench test the pump is operated at constant speed and the values q and h are determined for the various operating points.

A centrifugal pump is a machine that uses rotation to impart velocity to a liquid it then converts that velocity into flow. On the other hand centrifugal pumps impart momentum to the fluid by rotating impellers that are immersed in the fluid. Therefore to control the flow of a centrifugal pump simply set the output pressure to the point on the p v diagram that allows the pump to deliver the desired flow rate. Centrifugal pump is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy i e.

This relationship also called pump performance is illustrated by curves. The maximum pump head of a centrifugal pump is mainly determined by the outside diameter of the pump s impeller and the shaft angular velocity speed of the rotating shaft the head will also change as the volumetric flow rate through the pump is increased. The flow of liquid takes place in radial outward direction which is reverse of the inward radial flow reaction turbine it is used in different areas where fluid is needed to raised from low level to high level. Generally these pumps are designed for liquids which have a comparatively low viscosity that transfers like light oil otherwise water.

They are a sub class of dynamic axisymmetric work absorbing turbomachinery. In centrifugal pumps the delivery head h depends on the flow rate q. Pressure energy by the use of centrifugal force acting on the fluid. Positive displacement pumps use a mechanical means to vary the size of or move the fluid chamber to cause the fluid to flow.

A centrifugal pump with a single impeller can develop a head up to nearly 40 metres. In order to develop greater heads or to discharge a high rate a multistage pump is used. When a centrifugal pump is operating at a constant angular velocity an increase in the system head back pressure on the flowing. For every pressure the pump will only deliver one specific flow rate.

The momentum produces an increase in pressure or flow at the pump outlet. The fluid enters the pump impeller along or near to the rotating axis and is accelerated by the impeller. The diagram shows the main parts of the centrifugal pump. The rotational energy typically comes from an engine or electric motor.

The relation given above is also applicable when the flow becomes greater than the normal flow. Centrifugal pumps are made up of two primary components. The shaft passes through the pump casing and out through the stuffing box portion of the casing through which the shaft extends and where seal or packing is placed.